Restoration of a Dystrophic Lake: The Case of Efoulan Lake in Yaounde Cameroon

Lakes are inland waters with a low flow rate. This property may increase their vulnerability particularly when there are subjected to pollution. The pollution of lakes is very usual, in lower income countries where there is a scarcity of sanitation facilities, poor culture of environmental protection and sometime a weak legislative framework. Once the lake is polluted, numerous compounds of the environment are affected. The effect of the lakes pollution is multisectoral: economical, political, social and environmental. Thus, the remediation of polluted lakes is a necessary and vital. One well known manifestation of that pollution is eutrophication which is the degradation of water quality due to an excess of algae. Yaoundé which is the political capital of Cameroon has numbers of its lacustrine media in eutrophic state [1,2]. This situation hinders its own development since lakes sustain food for people thus contribute to fight against hungry and criminality. Furthermore, lakes provide work for fishermen and promote touristic activities. All these assets will contribute to increase the Gross Development Product (GDP) of the country.